中国是世界上最大的钢铁生产国（占比53.3%），也是世界上最大的钢铁出口国（近9500万吨）。
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中国如何处理进口自世界各地的商品？他们是否有效地利用了进口的商品来增加他们的出口？
What does China do with imports across the world? Do they use imports efficiently to increase exports?
2022-04-26
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译文简介
中国是世界上最大的钢铁生产国（占比53.3%），也是世界上最大的钢铁出口国（近9500万吨）。
正文翻译
中国是世界上最大的钢铁生产国（占比53.3%），也是世界上最大的钢铁出口国（近9500万吨）。
评论翻译
Kanthaswamy Balasubramaniam，Lives in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
This is the Delhi Mumbai Expressway. It is expected to be completed by 2023 or 2024. It is Indias flagship Expressway project and if completed to plan is expected to be an Engineering Masterpiece.
The Expressway intends to consume 6,50,000 Tonnes of Steel.
Guess how much Steel will be imported?
Guess which Country will be the Top Import Source - China !!!
Already orders for around 1,60,000 Tonnes of Steel have been placed with Chinese Companies and 31,000 Tonnes of Steel from Japan.
China is the worlds largest producer (53.3%) and the worlds largest exporter of steel (Almost 9.5 Crore Tonnes)
这是预计将于2023年或2024年完工的德里-孟买高速公路，这是印度的旗舰高速公路项目，如果能按计划完工，预计它将成为工程杰作。
这条高速公路计划消耗65万吨钢材。
猜猜有多少钢材需要进口？
猜猜哪个国家将是最大的进口来源国-中国！！！
印度已经向中国企业订购了约16万吨钢材，并从日本订购了31万吨钢材。
中国是世界上最大的钢铁生产国（占比53.3%），也是世界上最大的钢铁出口国（近9500万吨）。
How does China manufacture so much steel?
By Importing Iron Ore.
China is the largest importer of Iron Ore in the world - Importing from Australia and Brazil mainly. This year (2020) - India exported a huge chunk of Iron Ore to China - almost 90% higher than 2019.
In 2020 - China imported $ 15.3 Billion of Iron Ore and Exported $ 50.8 Billion of Steel.
With every other technology available locally - thats more than a return of 300%.
中国是如何生产这么多钢铁的？
通过进口铁矿石。
中国是世界上最大的铁矿石进口国，它主要从澳大利亚和巴西进口。2020年——印度向中国出口了大量铁矿石——比2019年高出近90%。
2020年，中国进口了153亿美元的铁矿石，出口了508亿美元的钢铁。
在利用了当地所有其他技术的情况下，这是超过300%的回报率。
Likewise - Semiconductor Chips is a huge import for China. China imports a massive quantity of Chips from Taiwanese Companies and uses these chips for Smartphones, Laptops, Tablets etc.
China imported $ 333 Billion of Chips in 2020 which included $ 141 Billion for High Tech developments and $ 38 Billion for the Smartphone, Tablet and Laptop Industry. Chinas export of the same was $ 78.93 Billion.
Assuming everything else is locally found - thats roughly a profit of 114%.
With the exception of Oil - most of Chinese Imports are used for creating value enhanced exports which always result in a Bumper Trade Surplus with most countries including USA and Russia and European unx.
同样，半导体芯片对中国来说也是一个巨大的进口项。中国大陆从台湾公司进口了大量芯片，并将这些芯片用于智能手机、笔记本电脑、平板电脑等。
2020年，中国进口了3330亿美元的芯片，其中1410亿美元用于高科技发展，380亿美元用于智能手机、平板电脑和笔记本电脑行业。同期中国出口了789.3亿美元的芯片。
除石油外，中国进口的大部分产品都用于创造增值出口，这通常会导致与包括美国、俄罗斯和欧盟在内的大多数国家的贸易顺差大幅增加。
Jayanth Urimi
And our government says it's not profitable to establish new steel and iron factories in india when we ask them to do so.
当我们要求我们的政府在印度建立新的钢铁厂时，他们说这无利可图。
Sumit Gupta
This answer is a slap to those who got overjoyed with ban of Chinese apps saying “ ab China ki economy gayi”
这个答案是对那些因禁止使用中国APP而欣喜若狂，并表示“中国经济要完蛋了”的人的一记耳光。
Umang Kumar Singh
I don't think any sane mind will ever claim that…
But yup it did hit China digital dominance as per recent reports after ban Indian apps Market share increased upto 40% and Chinese apps Market share is down to 29%
It's a tight slap to those who said “Apps ban krne se kya hi hoga"
我不认为任何头脑清醒的人会这么说.....
但根据最近的报道，在印度禁止中国APP之后，印度APP在应用市场上的份额上升到了40%，而中国APP在应用市场的份额下降到29%以下，它确实冲击了中国的数字主导地位
这对那些说“APP禁令无效”的人来说是一记沉重的耳光。
Sumit Gupta
Yup that’s how you form your strategy to counter what China did to Indian army.
if that’s the case why not ban zoom. Or why not ban Chinese invested companies like paytm, Infoedge. So apps band karne se kuch nahi hua. It was done just to make fool out of citizens and making them believe India showed “56 Inch” chest.
是的，这就是你们制定的反击中国对印度军队所做的事情的战略。
如果是这样的话，为什么不禁止Zoom？或者为什么不禁止paytm、Infoedge等中国投资的公司呢？你们这样做只是为了愚弄人民，让他们相信你们展示了“56英寸”的胸膛（印度总理莫迪曾夸口说自己拥有56英寸的胸围）。
Umang Kumar Singh
Well our army is dealing just fine with China on the borders and App ban doesn't effect that.. I never said it did..
And understand the diff. Between being Atmanirbhar and getting isolated from the world..
Ban all the companies with Chinese investment? I just don't know what to reply on this dumbest argument I have seen in recent days..
Also as I said … app ban krne se bhut kuch hua.. Indian apps got promoted and Chinese apps Market share reduced …
But that's all right .. your last statement about “56 inch" gave me the idea that you have no interest in a discussion about app ban and it's effect.. it's just the hatred toward Modi..
So you can keep that up..
嗯，我们的军队在边境上与中国相处得很好，App禁令并没有影响到这一点。
还请了解一下“自力更生”和“与世隔绝”之间的区别。
禁止所有中国投资的公司？我不知道该怎么回答这个最近几天我所看到的最愚蠢的说法。
正如我所说的…印度APP的市场份额正在上升，而中国APP的市场份额正在下降…
但没关系，你上一条回复中关于“56英寸”的说法让我觉得你对讨论APP禁令及其影响不感兴趣，你想表达的只是对莫迪的仇恨。
所以你可以继续。
Harshdeep Singh
Because after banning apps peoples have no alternative. I'm still using Camscanner because it is pretty better than other mobile based scanning apps.
Shareit is still more reliable than that of any app currently available. Even though they tried to copy that app.
Taka tak, Moj, Chingari etc. are gonna to remain popular until the ban on China's apps aren't uplifted. Though I use non of them.
There are many apps. Which Indian companies tried to copy, but are failing miserably. They're only little successful in the Indian market because of ban of Chinese apps. Such incompetency and promotion of incompetency is only possible in incredible India.
（印度APP市场份额的上升）是因为在禁止中国APP之后，人们别无选择。我仍然在使用Camscanner，因为它比其他基于移动设备的扫描APP要好用得多。
茄子快传（Shareit）仍然比目前可用的任何APP都更可靠，即使很多公司试图复制它。
虽然我不用Taka-tak、Moj、Chingari等，但它们将继续流行，除非对中国APP的禁令不会被解除。
还有很多其他的印度公司试图复制但却惨遭失败的APP，只是由于对“中国APP”的禁令，它们才在印度市场上取得了一丁点的成功，这种无能只有在不可思议的印度才有可能存在。
Harshdeep Singh
Even though that was just to fool citizens of this country on the other side companies who are funded by China are making huge profits in India’s digital market.
I think loss for China through this is pretty less because they already made huge profits through the companies they invested.
尽管这只是为了愚弄这个国家的公民，但另一方面，由中国投资的公司正在印度的数字市场上赚取巨额利润。
我认为中国在这方面的损失要小得多，因为他们已经通过投资的公司获得了巨额利润。
Gopinathan Menon
It is a slap on the face of those who believe that we should import everything from China. India will import those items where it feels that it is the better option till we become atmanirbhar.
这是对那些认为我们应该从中国进口所有东西的人的一记耳光，印度将进口那些它认为是更好的选择的东西，直到我们能够“自力更生”。
Gajendra Singh Kanyal
Why can’t India produce good quality steel despite having substantial hematite reserves?
为什么印度有大量赤铁矿储量，却无法生产出高质量的钢材？
Kanthaswamy Balasubramaniam
OUr Technology is too old
Our Production capacity is too limited. We will need new steel plants and tremendous outlay.
MMDC Prices for our Ore is very high.
We still have Grandpa type of Captive Mines instead of a Single Free Market concept to sell Iron Ore
我们的技术太陈旧了。
我们的生产能力太有限了，我们需要新的钢铁厂和巨大的开支。
国营公司MMDC的矿石价格非常高。
我们仍然有一种自留式的矿山，而不是依靠单一的自由市场概念来销售铁矿石。
Shiv Shankar Behera
China add Zinc to it, make more good quality of steel and in less rate in the world then export it back to India. it’s only Business.
中国向其中添加锌，生产出了更优质的钢材，在世界上以较低的税率出口到印度。这只是生意。
Bala Subramanian
We don't have the infrastructure at any level. Right from Capital. Just try to apply for SME loan from SBI to start a business and you feel how backwards we are. It takes so much time for them to even to say ‘No’. I never seen anyone got it approved.
我们没有任何级别的基础设施。就在首都，只要试着向印度国家银行（SBI）申请中小企业贷款来创业，你就会感觉到我们是多么落后。他们甚至要花很多时间说“不”，我从没见过谁的申请被批准过。
Shyam Raja
Because we don't have that much great technology and innovations in the field. And nowadays people are not doing innovative things. They do startup of service which will be fail in next year why because lack of skills,creativity and passion they don't have. Nowadays people want to do job or they will do copycat nothing else.
因为我们在这个领域没有那么多伟大的技术和创新，现在人们没有做创新的事情。他们会启动业务，但明年就会失败，原因是他们缺乏技能、创造力和激情。如今，现在人们只想有份工作，他们除了模仿啥都不会。
Ashish Tiwari
The irony is China imports Iron ore from India adding transport cost, custom duty etc and exports steel to India at a cost which Indian manufacturers find it difficult to give. I don't understand what is the reason of such low cost.
具有讽刺意味的是，中国从印度进口铁矿石，他们增加了运输成本、关税等，却还能以印度制造商难以承受的价格向印度出口钢铁，我不明白为什么他们的成本这么低。
Renan Chua
Dont privatize strategic industries. Most steel plants and almost all power generation and transmission in China are all state owned companies. These are very basic in industrialization - power, steel, cement.
不要将战略性产业私有化，中国的大多数钢铁厂以及几乎所有的发电和输电企业都是国有企业。电力、钢铁、水泥——这些都是工业化的基础。
Bala Subramanian
Excellent answer. Truth is it is too late for India to start or lead any core industry. we should re-asses present India and find where we are good at and continue.
好答案。事实是，印度启动或引领任何核心产业都为时已晚。我们应该重新评估印度现在的实际情况，找到我们擅长的领域并坚持下去。
Hariharan Srinivasulu
What kind of policies can the government promote to increase steel production in India? What could be the role of the private sector? Perhaps should the private sector invest more in steel production?
印度政府可以推行什么样的政策来增加印度的钢铁产量？私营部门可以发挥什么作用？也许私营部门应该在钢铁生产上投入更多资金？
Nahush D
Private companies will try to build capability and capacity in terms of infrastructure but the next day we will have protests that will shut such projects down. Foreign lobby is pretty powerful and they bribe local politicians to influence gullible people to perform such protests so we will forever be dependent on imports. Then after everything is done and dusted, people will complain about unavailability of jobs and then the process repeats.
私营公司将努力提升建设基础设施方面的能力，但第二天我们将遇到抗议活动，并关闭这些项目。外国的游说团体相当强大，他们会贿赂当地政客，以影响易上当的人进行此类抗议，因此我们将永远依赖进口。然后，在所有事情都完成并尘埃落定后，人们又会抱怨没有工作，这个过程会一直重复。
Swamynathan
Chinese steel are unsafe for use. The quality of steel is very poor and structurally not sound increses the chances of collapse. Our steel are much better in quality. Example Tata Steel, JSW Steel, Essar Steel, Jindal Steel etc. China is producing steel and flooding the market at cheap prices. After Galwan valley incident we have reduced our steel imports from China while more orders are placed with Japan, South Korea and USA.
中国的钢铁使用起来不安全。钢铁质量很差，结构不牢固会增加倒塌的可能性。而我们塔塔钢铁公司、JSW钢铁公司、Essar钢铁公司、Jindal钢铁公司等生产的钢铁质量好得多。中国正在以低廉的价格生产钢铁并占领市场。加尔万山谷事件后，我们减少了从中国的钢铁进口，同时向日本、韩国和美国下了更多订单。
原文地址：https://www.quora.com/What-does-China-do-with-imports-across-the-world-Do-they-use-imports-efficiently-to-increase-exports
This is the Delhi Mumbai Expressway. It is expected to be completed by 2023 or 2024. It is Indias flagship Expressway project and if completed to plan is expected to be an Engineering Masterpiece.
The Expressway intends to consume 6,50,000 Tonnes of Steel.
Guess how much Steel will be imported?
Guess which Country will be the Top Import Source - China !!!
Already orders for around 1,60,000 Tonnes of Steel have been placed with Chinese Companies and 31,000 Tonnes of Steel from Japan.
China is the worlds largest producer (53.3%) and the worlds largest exporter of steel (Almost 9.5 Crore Tonnes)
这是预计将于2023年或2024年完工的德里-孟买高速公路，这是印度的旗舰高速公路项目，如果能按计划完工，预计它将成为工程杰作。
这条高速公路计划消耗65万吨钢材。
猜猜有多少钢材需要进口？
猜猜哪个国家将是最大的进口来源国-中国！！！
印度已经向中国企业订购了约16万吨钢材，并从日本订购了31万吨钢材。
中国是世界上最大的钢铁生产国（占比53.3%），也是世界上最大的钢铁出口国（近9500万吨）。
How does China manufacture so much steel?
By Importing Iron Ore.
China is the largest importer of Iron Ore in the world - Importing from Australia and Brazil mainly. This year (2020) - India exported a huge chunk of Iron Ore to China - almost 90% higher than 2019.
In 2020 - China imported $ 15.3 Billion of Iron Ore and Exported $ 50.8 Billion of Steel.
With every other technology available locally - thats more than a return of 300%.
中国是如何生产这么多钢铁的？
通过进口铁矿石。
中国是世界上最大的铁矿石进口国，它主要从澳大利亚和巴西进口。2020年——印度向中国出口了大量铁矿石——比2019年高出近90%。
2020年，中国进口了153亿美元的铁矿石，出口了508亿美元的钢铁。
在利用了当地所有其他技术的情况下，这是超过300%的回报率。
Likewise - Semiconductor Chips is a huge import for China. China imports a massive quantity of Chips from Taiwanese Companies and uses these chips for Smartphones, Laptops, Tablets etc.
China imported $ 333 Billion of Chips in 2020 which included $ 141 Billion for High Tech developments and $ 38 Billion for the Smartphone, Tablet and Laptop Industry. Chinas export of the same was $ 78.93 Billion.
Assuming everything else is locally found - thats roughly a profit of 114%.
With the exception of Oil - most of Chinese Imports are used for creating value enhanced exports which always result in a Bumper Trade Surplus with most countries including USA and Russia and European unx.
同样，半导体芯片对中国来说也是一个巨大的进口项。中国大陆从台湾公司进口了大量芯片，并将这些芯片用于智能手机、笔记本电脑、平板电脑等。
2020年，中国进口了3330亿美元的芯片，其中1410亿美元用于高科技发展，380亿美元用于智能手机、平板电脑和笔记本电脑行业。同期中国出口了789.3亿美元的芯片。
除石油外，中国进口的大部分产品都用于创造增值出口，这通常会导致与包括美国、俄罗斯和欧盟在内的大多数国家的贸易顺差大幅增加。
Jayanth Urimi
And our government says it's not profitable to establish new steel and iron factories in india when we ask them to do so.
当我们要求我们的政府在印度建立新的钢铁厂时，他们说这无利可图。
Sumit Gupta
This answer is a slap to those who got overjoyed with ban of Chinese apps saying “ ab China ki economy gayi”
这个答案是对那些因禁止使用中国APP而欣喜若狂，并表示“中国经济要完蛋了”的人的一记耳光。
Umang Kumar Singh
I don't think any sane mind will ever claim that…
But yup it did hit China digital dominance as per recent reports after ban Indian apps Market share increased upto 40% and Chinese apps Market share is down to 29%
It's a tight slap to those who said “Apps ban krne se kya hi hoga"
我不认为任何头脑清醒的人会这么说.....
但根据最近的报道，在印度禁止中国APP之后，印度APP在应用市场上的份额上升到了40%，而中国APP在应用市场的份额下降到29%以下，它确实冲击了中国的数字主导地位
这对那些说“APP禁令无效”的人来说是一记沉重的耳光。
Sumit Gupta
Yup that’s how you form your strategy to counter what China did to Indian army.
if that’s the case why not ban zoom. Or why not ban Chinese invested companies like paytm, Infoedge. So apps band karne se kuch nahi hua. It was done just to make fool out of citizens and making them believe India showed “56 Inch” chest.
是的，这就是你们制定的反击中国对印度军队所做的事情的战略。
如果是这样的话，为什么不禁止Zoom？或者为什么不禁止paytm、Infoedge等中国投资的公司呢？你们这样做只是为了愚弄人民，让他们相信你们展示了“56英寸”的胸膛（印度总理莫迪曾夸口说自己拥有56英寸的胸围）。
Umang Kumar Singh
Well our army is dealing just fine with China on the borders and App ban doesn't effect that.. I never said it did..
And understand the diff. Between being Atmanirbhar and getting isolated from the world..
Ban all the companies with Chinese investment? I just don't know what to reply on this dumbest argument I have seen in recent days..
Also as I said … app ban krne se bhut kuch hua.. Indian apps got promoted and Chinese apps Market share reduced …
But that's all right .. your last statement about “56 inch" gave me the idea that you have no interest in a discussion about app ban and it's effect.. it's just the hatred toward Modi..
So you can keep that up..
嗯，我们的军队在边境上与中国相处得很好，App禁令并没有影响到这一点。
还请了解一下“自力更生”和“与世隔绝”之间的区别。
禁止所有中国投资的公司？我不知道该怎么回答这个最近几天我所看到的最愚蠢的说法。
正如我所说的…印度APP的市场份额正在上升，而中国APP的市场份额正在下降…
但没关系，你上一条回复中关于“56英寸”的说法让我觉得你对讨论APP禁令及其影响不感兴趣，你想表达的只是对莫迪的仇恨。
所以你可以继续。
Harshdeep Singh
Because after banning apps peoples have no alternative. I'm still using Camscanner because it is pretty better than other mobile based scanning apps.
Shareit is still more reliable than that of any app currently available. Even though they tried to copy that app.
Taka tak, Moj, Chingari etc. are gonna to remain popular until the ban on China's apps aren't uplifted. Though I use non of them.
There are many apps. Which Indian companies tried to copy, but are failing miserably. They're only little successful in the Indian market because of ban of Chinese apps. Such incompetency and promotion of incompetency is only possible in incredible India.
（印度APP市场份额的上升）是因为在禁止中国APP之后，人们别无选择。我仍然在使用Camscanner，因为它比其他基于移动设备的扫描APP要好用得多。
茄子快传（Shareit）仍然比目前可用的任何APP都更可靠，即使很多公司试图复制它。
虽然我不用Taka-tak、Moj、Chingari等，但它们将继续流行，除非对中国APP的禁令不会被解除。
还有很多其他的印度公司试图复制但却惨遭失败的APP，只是由于对“中国APP”的禁令，它们才在印度市场上取得了一丁点的成功，这种无能只有在不可思议的印度才有可能存在。
Harshdeep Singh
Even though that was just to fool citizens of this country on the other side companies who are funded by China are making huge profits in India’s digital market.
I think loss for China through this is pretty less because they already made huge profits through the companies they invested.
尽管这只是为了愚弄这个国家的公民，但另一方面，由中国投资的公司正在印度的数字市场上赚取巨额利润。
我认为中国在这方面的损失要小得多，因为他们已经通过投资的公司获得了巨额利润。
Gopinathan Menon
It is a slap on the face of those who believe that we should import everything from China. India will import those items where it feels that it is the better option till we become atmanirbhar.
这是对那些认为我们应该从中国进口所有东西的人的一记耳光，印度将进口那些它认为是更好的选择的东西，直到我们能够“自力更生”。
Gajendra Singh Kanyal
Why can’t India produce good quality steel despite having substantial hematite reserves?
为什么印度有大量赤铁矿储量，却无法生产出高质量的钢材？
Kanthaswamy Balasubramaniam
OUr Technology is too old
Our Production capacity is too limited. We will need new steel plants and tremendous outlay.
MMDC Prices for our Ore is very high.
We still have Grandpa type of Captive Mines instead of a Single Free Market concept to sell Iron Ore
我们的技术太陈旧了。
我们的生产能力太有限了，我们需要新的钢铁厂和巨大的开支。
国营公司MMDC的矿石价格非常高。
我们仍然有一种自留式的矿山，而不是依靠单一的自由市场概念来销售铁矿石。
Shiv Shankar Behera
China add Zinc to it, make more good quality of steel and in less rate in the world then export it back to India. it’s only Business.
中国向其中添加锌，生产出了更优质的钢材，在世界上以较低的税率出口到印度。这只是生意。
Bala Subramanian
We don't have the infrastructure at any level. Right from Capital. Just try to apply for SME loan from SBI to start a business and you feel how backwards we are. It takes so much time for them to even to say ‘No’. I never seen anyone got it approved.
我们没有任何级别的基础设施。就在首都，只要试着向印度国家银行（SBI）申请中小企业贷款来创业，你就会感觉到我们是多么落后。他们甚至要花很多时间说“不”，我从没见过谁的申请被批准过。
Shyam Raja
Because we don't have that much great technology and innovations in the field. And nowadays people are not doing innovative things. They do startup of service which will be fail in next year why because lack of skills,creativity and passion they don't have. Nowadays people want to do job or they will do copycat nothing else.
因为我们在这个领域没有那么多伟大的技术和创新，现在人们没有做创新的事情。他们会启动业务，但明年就会失败，原因是他们缺乏技能、创造力和激情。如今，现在人们只想有份工作，他们除了模仿啥都不会。
Ashish Tiwari
The irony is China imports Iron ore from India adding transport cost, custom duty etc and exports steel to India at a cost which Indian manufacturers find it difficult to give. I don't understand what is the reason of such low cost.
具有讽刺意味的是，中国从印度进口铁矿石，他们增加了运输成本、关税等，却还能以印度制造商难以承受的价格向印度出口钢铁，我不明白为什么他们的成本这么低。
Renan Chua
Dont privatize strategic industries. Most steel plants and almost all power generation and transmission in China are all state owned companies. These are very basic in industrialization - power, steel, cement.
不要将战略性产业私有化，中国的大多数钢铁厂以及几乎所有的发电和输电企业都是国有企业。电力、钢铁、水泥——这些都是工业化的基础。
Bala Subramanian
Excellent answer. Truth is it is too late for India to start or lead any core industry. we should re-asses present India and find where we are good at and continue.
好答案。事实是，印度启动或引领任何核心产业都为时已晚。我们应该重新评估印度现在的实际情况，找到我们擅长的领域并坚持下去。
Hariharan Srinivasulu
What kind of policies can the government promote to increase steel production in India? What could be the role of the private sector? Perhaps should the private sector invest more in steel production?
印度政府可以推行什么样的政策来增加印度的钢铁产量？私营部门可以发挥什么作用？也许私营部门应该在钢铁生产上投入更多资金？
Nahush D
Private companies will try to build capability and capacity in terms of infrastructure but the next day we will have protests that will shut such projects down. Foreign lobby is pretty powerful and they bribe local politicians to influence gullible people to perform such protests so we will forever be dependent on imports. Then after everything is done and dusted, people will complain about unavailability of jobs and then the process repeats.
私营公司将努力提升建设基础设施方面的能力，但第二天我们将遇到抗议活动，并关闭这些项目。外国的游说团体相当强大，他们会贿赂当地政客，以影响易上当的人进行此类抗议，因此我们将永远依赖进口。然后，在所有事情都完成并尘埃落定后，人们又会抱怨没有工作，这个过程会一直重复。
Swamynathan
Chinese steel are unsafe for use. The quality of steel is very poor and structurally not sound increses the chances of collapse. Our steel are much better in quality. Example Tata Steel, JSW Steel, Essar Steel, Jindal Steel etc. China is producing steel and flooding the market at cheap prices. After Galwan valley incident we have reduced our steel imports from China while more orders are placed with Japan, South Korea and USA.
中国的钢铁使用起来不安全。钢铁质量很差，结构不牢固会增加倒塌的可能性。而我们塔塔钢铁公司、JSW钢铁公司、Essar钢铁公司、Jindal钢铁公司等生产的钢铁质量好得多。中国正在以低廉的价格生产钢铁并占领市场。加尔万山谷事件后，我们减少了从中国的钢铁进口，同时向日本、韩国和美国下了更多订单。
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