印度和中国：谁将打赢半导体战争

Amit Singh

I am currently pursuing my master's in engineering and in our 2nd year we're supposed to do research. As I am ronics engineer and really passionate about semiconductor fabrication, I really wanted to work on neuromorphic chips which mimics our brain architecture and I even spent 6-7 months on learning everything and creating prototypes of these chips on a simulation software but then I was forced to switch to some another topic because my professors told me that there is not a single facility in India which can actually fabricate this chip.

Most of the ronics engineers in India do IT jobs due to lack of core companies and rest goes to other countries for core jobs, I have read research papers of foreign institutions getting global recognitions having Indian author's name.

To be honest, Indians can make advanced chips if we are provided with infrastructure and proper education.

我目前正在攻读工程硕士学位，第二年本应做研究。

作为一名电子工程师，我对半导体制造非常感兴趣，我真的很想研究模仿大脑结构的神经形态芯片，我甚至花了6-7个月的时间学习所有东西，并在模拟软件上创建这些芯片的原型，但后来我被迫转向另一个话题，因为我的教授告诉我，在印度没有一家工厂能制造这种芯片。

由于缺乏核心公司，印度大多数电子工程师从事IT工作，其余的去其他国家从事核心工作。

我读过外国机构的研究论文，得到了全球的认可，上面有印度作者的名字。

老实说，如果我们有基础设施和适当的教育，印度人能制造先进芯片。

DrumZada

Being an Engineer at Intel US, I agree that it would be a huge advantage to India if we focus on assembly and packaging and become a world leader in that ! High Volumes Manufacturing of chips (latest tech node 10nm and lesser) requires huge capital to buy tools ( which are already in millions and a couple of EUV tools are ~$ billion ),  water (need millions of gallons of DIW every day), chemicals, constant ricity etc.  

作为英特尔美国公司的一名工程师，我认为如果我们专注于组装和包装，成为这方面的世界领导者，对印度将是巨大的优势

大量生产芯片(最新技术节点为10纳米或更小)需要大量资金来购买工具，数百万美元，几个EUV工具约需数十亿美元、水(每天需要数百万加仑的DIW)、化学品，稳定电力等。

Apo itical Being

Some more important points:-

1) US has pressured ASML (a Dutch Company) which manufactures the machines which uses UV light to make chips to stop it's sell to China.

ASML has a monopoly over these cutting edge technology.

2)Another company without which chips can not be manufactured is ZEISS(yes, the one which makes glass for smartphone cameras).It also makes glass used to manufacture chips.

ZEISS is a German company.

一些更重要的要点：

1) 美国向荷兰阿斯麦公司施压，要求其停止向中国出售产品。阿斯麦公司生产使用紫外线制造芯片的机器。

ASML垄断了这些尖端技术。

2) 另一家芯片生产离不开的公司是ZEISS (没错，就是为智能手机相机生产玻璃的公司)。该公司还生产用于制造芯片的玻璃。ZEISS是一家德国公司。

Vishal Srivastava

I am a student of Electronics, here we learn a lot of semiconductors , microprocessors & marking of PCBs .....our professor told us when telecommunication came into estence in India in 1990s we have a lot of opportunities to work in PSU's  ( BSNL , MTNL, DRDO , HAL etc. )& Private companies due to huge demand.

But now we have little opportunities.

Hope Go nment will resuscitate the Electronics Industry.

我是学电子学的，学了半导体，微处理器和PCB。

我们的教授告诉我们，当20世纪90年代电信在印度出现时，由于巨大的需求，在PSU (BSNL、MTNL、DRDO、HAL等)和私营公司有很多工作机会。

但是现在我们几乎没有机会了。希望政府能重振电子工业。

Ashish Singh

Being a chip design engineer, really happy to see that people have started talking about this industry now. There will not be any such opportunities to become a global leader again. So our go nment should grab this opportunity and should not let it go

作为一名芯片设计工程师，我很高兴看到人们开始谈论这个行业。

再也没有这样的机会成为全球领导者了。所以我们的政府应该抓住这个机会，不能错过

Sourav Mukherjee

India is far behind. I am a semiconductor engineer working in nanechnology/nanoronics in Canada. Even if I want to go back to India, I can’t. Even IITs, IISc don’t have the infrastructure (cleanroom) and innovation-hungry people that I need to thrive. Don’t wanna live a mediocre life.

印度远远落后。我是一名在加拿大从事纳米技术/纳米电子学工作的半导体工程师。

即使我想回印度，我也回不了。

即使是印度理工学院和印度科学院也没有我需要的基础设施（洁净室）和渴望创新的团队。

我不想过平庸的生活。

Vinit Mittal

If India wins this war! Not only we'll win economically but also have diplomatic leverage!

如果印度赢得这场战争，我们不仅能在经济上获胜，还能带来外交影响力

Harsha Vardhan Sahoo

TSMC does NOT manufacture for Intel. Intel has its own foundries. Rather TSMC manufactures for AMD. Intel is expanding on building foundries for manufacturing chips for others like TSMC. Basically Intel controls the stack from design to manufacturing for its products.

台积电不为英特尔生产产品。英特尔有自己的代工厂。相反，台积电为AMD生产产品。英特尔正在为台积电等公司建芯片代工厂。基本上，英特尔控制着其产品从设计到制造的整个流程。

Vinit Mittal

Also a reason why US and China both want T to be on their side!

这也是美国和中国大陆都希望台湾地区站在自己一边的原因!

Somsubhro Mukherjee

The major problem is the lack of the ecosy em around the semiconductor industry. India lacks it… Unfortunately, the additional lack of raw materials ( rare earth minerals) is another choke point.

Having said that I believe a pragmatic governance and policy will be necessary in solving the problems.

主要问题是半导体产业周围缺乏生态系统。不幸的是，缺乏额外的原材料(稀土)是另一个瓶颈。

话虽如此，我认为务实的治理和政策是解决这些问题的必要条件。

Prajyot Tambade

What if we focus on both semiconductor chip manufacturing as well as the software and assembly side at the same time as we don't have much time to go step by step. Our education sy em will have a significant role in these advanced developments in our country.

即使我们同时专注于半导体芯片制造以及软件和组装方面，我们也没有太多的时间一步一步走。我们的教育制度将在这些先进发展中发挥重要作用。

Zayed

If we actually look at numbers many companies moved to Indonesia, Vietnam, Thailand instead of India. It's sad to see we could not capture them. Very few came to INDIA.

看一下数据，很多公司都迁到了印尼、越南和泰国，而不是印度。很遗憾我们没能抓住他们。很少来印度的。

Tbh by Sukhe

It's great that you pointed out the need of manufacturing and innovation but don't you think these require high investments in this sector and unlike China our country is wasting these funds on Re gious and po itical Institutions

你指出了对制造业和创新的需求，这很好，但你不认为这需要在这个领域进行大量投资吗?

不像中国，我们的国家把资金浪费在宗教和政治机构上

darede l30000

China is way ahead. Hands down.

Time will tell what is going to happen in future.

毫无疑问，中国遥遥领先。时间会告诉我们将来会发生什么。

issac thomas

I'm working for an EV manufacturer in India. We are really far behind sometimes I think it's too late. We can't make quality battery cells or technology without importing then or out purchasing them from Europe or China whom has the technology refined.

The problem is India doesn't have vocationally skilled technicians who can reverse engineer such technology even if shared by the source company. We are struggling to refine our jet engines whose technology has been shared by Russia since decades.

我在印度的一家电动汽车制造商工作。我们真的落后了很多，有时我觉得太迟了。

如果不从欧洲或中国进口或直接从他们那里购买，我们就无法生产出高质量的电池。

问题是印度没有职业技能熟练的技术人员，这种人才能逆向工程这种技术，即使是由源公司共享。

我们正在努力改进我们的喷气式发动机，俄罗斯已经分享技术几十年了。

FromTheAshes

at 13:43 you mentioned that India lacks in a stern infrastructure. As an architect, I clearly agree with you that's why India needs a diversified education sy em. All the good things will happen if the education is grande. Make 5 Harvards in the country and you shall see greatness!

你提到印度缺乏基础设施。作为一名建筑师，我同意你的观点，这就是为什么印度需要一个多元化的教育体系。如果教育好，所有的好事都会发生。在这个国家建5所哈佛，你就会看到伟大的事情发生!

Sudhanshu Tuti

One very important element in manufacturing of semiconductor is the requirement of ultra pure water at high quantity. Wherever the Vedanta-Foxconn unit is going to establish, they need to ensure while maintaining sustainability.

半导体制造中，一个非常重要的因素是对超纯水的大量需求。无论韦丹塔-富士康将在哪里建立工厂，他们都需要确保可持续性。

corn bread

Its not that simple Mohak, they need to build a proper research ecosy em in India. Researchers have such a low quality of life here. Heavy investment in research is needed and only this step can make India not just a player in the  semiconductor industry but a superpower in the world.

However, unfortunately India is losing its "scientific temper"

没那么简单，他们需要在印度建立一个适当的研究生态系统。这里的研究人员生活质量很低。印度需要对研究进行大量投资，只有这一步才能使印度不仅成为半导体行业的参与者，而且成为世界超级大国。

然而，不幸的是，印度正在失去它的“科学气质”

4

12:00 this incentive would work but still it will take a lot years to get properly implemented, as a Indian just hope for best

激励措施会起作用，但仍然需要很多年才能得到适当的实施，印度人只能抱着最好的希望

ArmageddonIsHere

20% of the world's VLSI design engineers are Indian. Chip design history in India goes back almost as far as its software history: Texas Instruments setup the first design house in Bangalore before software was even a thing there!

全球20%的超大规模集成电路设计工程师是印度人。印度的芯片设计历史几乎可以追溯到其软件历史：德州仪器在班加罗尔建立了第一家设计公司，那时软件甚至还没有出现

Nriched

Semiconductor startup scenario has started in india few years back. We need companies for EDA,designing etc.

 Often b small startup companies are bought by big giants like intel, amd,linx and we lose a gem.

Indian govt needs to bring some policies which prevents this.

半导体初创企业的场景几年前就在印度开始了。

我们需要公司进行EDA、设计等。通常情况下，出色的小型初创公司会被英特尔、AMD、linx等巨头收购，

我们就会失去一颗宝石。

印度政府需要出台一些政策来防止这种情况发生。

Pratyush

Being an ronic students, I knows the value and use of the semiconductor.

It is the future and fundamental unit of nearly every tech industry.

So, go nment have to invest in this sector more for R&D.

If India really want to be in the list of developed and modern countries then it should have to take this things seriously.

We have to win this war!

作为一名电子专业的学生，我知道半导体的价值和用途。

它是几乎所有科技行业的未来和基础。

所以，政府必须在这个领域进行更多的研发投资。

如果印度真的想跻身发达国家和现代国家之列，那么它应该认真对待这件事。我们必须打赢这场战争

Xavier

Never thought that a Semiconductor can lead to a war.

从没想过半导体会引发战争。

Youtube Comment

Correction Intel and samsung can also makes this chip not just tsmc,but tsmc LEDs the race,China will eventually have it,US can only slow them down

不仅是台积电，英特尔和三星也可以生产这种芯片，但是台积电引领LED竞赛，中国最终会拥有它的，美国只能拖住他们的后腿

Shivam Uniyal

We are far behind but we can see Indian go nment is working every possible way to improve infrastructure facility in India . We have example of GATI SHAKTI Yojana by ministry of road transport and highways to improve road-railway connectivity and development of ports to reduce ship cost , time and resources and logistics costs and to build central portal to create coordination among various departments of ministries for quick implementation of plans and this will save tax payers money and will surely attract big companies to start large scale manufacturing in India. New Logistic policy will going to boom this .

It will take alot of time for India to become global leader in advanced semiconductor manufacturing but till then we can build world class infrastructure to create the competitive environment for semiconductor manufacturing.

我们远远落后，但我们可以看到印度政府正在尽一切可能改善基础设施，道路运输和高速公路部就有这方面的例子，改善公路和铁路的连接，建设港口，以减少运输成本、时间、资源和物流成本，建立中央门户，在各部门之间建立协调，以快速实施计划，这将节省纳税人的钱，肯定会吸引大公司在印度开始大规模生产。新的物流政策将推动这一行业的发展。

印度要成为先进半导体制造业的全球领导者还需要很长时间，但在那之前，我们可以建设世界级的基础设施，为半导体制造业创造竞争环境。

Nirajan Rajbanshi

I never knew before that Apple's Bionic chips are also manufacture by other companies

我以前从来不知道苹果的Bionic芯片也是由其他公司生产的

Dipen Das

Ek aur baat....A TSMC plant setup requires 10 Billion Dollars.

台积电建工厂需要100亿美元。

Dheeraj George

I doubt we are anywhere close to China at the moment.

我们现在离中国还差得远。

XN14 EDITS

A wise man said "Not taking risk is the biggest risk"

一位智者说过：“不冒险是最大的风险。”

ROSHAN SINGH

i hope Bharat will establish their contribution in global semiconductors

我希望印度能为全球半导体行业做出贡献